The ‘Jhum cultivation’ in India is practiced in

North- East states
South–West coast
South- East coast
Gangetic plain

Solution

The ‘Jhum cultivation’ is also known as ‘Slash and burn agriculture’.

Which of the following statement (s) is/are true ?
(1)Urine is hypertonic in distal convoluted tubule.
(2)When the urine passes into collecting tubule, it becomes hypotonic.
(3)Urine is isotonic in proximal convoluted tubule.
(4)Urine becomes more and more hypotoinic as it passes through Henle’s loop.

(1) and (4)
(1), (2) and (3)
(2) and (3)
(3) only

Solution

The filtrate is isotonic to blood plasma (in proximal convoluted tubule) and the filtrate becomes hypertonic to blood plasma (in descending limb of loop of Henle).The filtrate is hypotonic to blood plasma (in ascending limb of loop of Henle) in distal convoluted tubule. ADH make the filtrate isotonic to blood plasma.

Consider the following statements and select the correct ones out of these
(1)Flame cells are excretory structures in flatworms.
(2)Green glands are excretory organs in annelids.
(3)Columns of Bertini are the conical projections of renal pelvis into renal medulla between the renal pyramids.

(1) and (2) are correct
(2) and (3) are incorrect
(1) and (3) are correct
(1), (2) and (3) are correct

Consider the following four statements (1-4) regarding kidney transplant and select the two correct ones out of these.
(1)Even if a kidney transplant is proper the recipient may need to take immune suppresants for a long time.
(2)The cell mediated immune response is responsible for the graft rejection.
(3)The B lymphocytes are responsible for rejection of the graft.
(4)The acceptance or rejection of a kidney transplant depends on specific interferons.
The two correct statements are:

(2) and (3)
(3) and (4)
(1) and (3)
(1) and (2)

Solution

Tissue and blood group matching are essential before undertaking kidney transplant. Even if kidney transplant is proper,the recipient may need to take immuno suppresant all his/her life. The ability of body to differentiate self and non self and the cell-mediated immune response is responsible for graft rejection.

Match Column I with Column II

Column I	Column II
A.Ultra filtration	1.Henle’s loop
B.Concentration of urine	2.Ureter
C.Transport of urine	3.Urinary bladder
D.Storage of urine	4.Malpighian corpuscles
	5.Proximal convoluted tubules

A→4; B→1; C→2; D→3
A→4; B→3; C→2; D→1
A→5; B→4; C→1; D→3
A→5; B→4; C→1; D→2
A→4; B→1; C→3; D→2

Match Column I with Column II

Column I (Excretory organs)	Column II (Animals)
A.Nephridia	1.Hydra
B.Malpighian tubules	2.Leech
C.Protonephridia	3.Shark
D.Kidneys	4.Round worms
	5.Cockroach

A→2; B→5; C→4; D→3
A→4; B→2; C→1; D→5
A→5; B→2; C→4; D→3
A→2; B→4; C→5; D→1

In the diagram of excretory system of humna beings given below, different parts have been indicated by alphabets; choose the answer in which these alphabets have been correctly matched with the parts whcih they represent

A= Kidney, B = Abdominal aorta, C = Ureters,D = Urinary bladder, E= Urethra, F = Renal pelvis
A= Kidney, B = Abdominal aorta, C = Urethra,D = Urinary bladder,E = Ureters , F = Renal pelvis
A = Kidney, B = Renal pelvis, C = Urethra, D = Urinarybladder, E = Ureters, F = Abdominal aorta
A= Kidney, B = Abdominal aorta, C = Urethra,D = Urinary bladder,E = Renal pelvis, F = Ureters

Refer the following diagram and identify the parts of a kidney indicated

A= cortex,B = nephron,C = pelvis, D= medulla,E = ureter
A = cortex, B = medulla, C = nephron, D = pelvis,E = ureter
A =nephron, B = cortex, C = medulla, D = ureter,E = pelvis
A= nephron, B = cortex,C = medulla,D = pelvis,E = ureter

Select the option which shows correct matching of animal with excretory organs and excretory product

Animal Excretory organs Excretory product

(a)Housefly Renal tubules Uric acid
Animal Excretory organs Excretory product

Labeo (Rohu) Nephridial tubes Ammonia
Animal Excretory organs Excretory product

Salamander Kidney Urea
Animal Excretory organs Excretory product

Peacock Kidney Urea

Animal	Excretory organs	Excretory product
(a)Housefly	Renal tubules	Uric acid

Animal	Excretory organs	Excretory product
Labeo (Rohu)	Nephridial tubes	Ammonia

Animal	Excretory organs	Excretory product
Salamander	Kidney	Urea

Animal	Excretory organs	Excretory product
Peacock	Kidney	Urea

Solution

Salamander (Amphibia; Caudata) excrete urea by help of kidneys.

Figure shown human urinary system with structures labelled A to D. Select option which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristics and /or functions.

B-pelvis-broad funnel shaped space inner to hilum,directly connected to loops of Henle.
C-Medulla-inner zone of kidney and contains complexnephrons.
D - Cortex - outer part of kidney and do not contain anypart of nephrons
A-Adrenal gland - located at the anterior part of kidney.Secrete Catecholamines which stimulate glycogenbreakdown.

Solution

A –Adrenal gland – located at the anterior part of kidney, secrete Catecholamines which stimulate glycogen breakdown.

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