Which one of the following scientists name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him?

Solution

The theory of the continuity of the germplasm published by August Weismann (1834-1914) in 1886. It proposes that the contents of the reproductive cells (sperms and ova) are passed on unchanged from one generation to the next, unaffected by any changes undergone by the rest of the body. It thus rules out any possibility of the inheritance of acquired characteristics, and has become fundamental to Neo-Darwinian theory.

Adaptive radiation refers to

Solution

Adaptive radiation refers to evolution of different species from a common ancestor. The mammals are adapted for different mode of life i.e. they show adaptive radiation.They can be aerial (bat), aquatic (whale and dolphins),burrowing or fossorial (rat), cursorial (horse), scantorial(squarrel) or arboreal (monkey). The adaptive radiation,the term by osborn, is also known as Divergent evolution.

Industrial melanism as observed in peppered moth proves that

the melanic form of the moth has no selective advantage over lighter form in industrial area
the lighter-form moth has no selective advantage either in polluted industrial area or non-polluted area
melanism is a pollution-generated feature
the true black melanic forms arise by a recurring random mutation

Solution

During the period when the number of coal-burning factories in England was increasing (during the Industrial Revolution) it was noticed that the number of melanic individuals of the species of Peppered Moth (Biston betularia) was becoming more common. Originally rare in the population of normally light-colored moths, the frequency of the melanic form increased in polluted are as until it was over 90%. This change in color has come to be known as “industrial melanism.”

When two species of different geno type come to resemble each other as a result of adaptation, the phenomenon is termed

Solution

The analogous organs show convergent evolution due to similar adaptions which do not support organic evolution.

An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is the occurrence of:

Solution

Homologous organs represent the divergent evolution. These are the organs belonging to different organisms of different species may be for dissimilar function but they all have the same basic structure. On the other hand vestigial organs show that how a species evolved from its ancestors through the ages according to the use and disuse of organs. These are the organs which were sometime functional in humans (or may be any other organisms) but during the course of evolution their utility gradually decline and now they are present as non-functional and vestigial organs.

Evolutionary history of an organism is known as:

Solution

Paleontology is the study of fossils. Ontogeny is the process of development of organism in the embryo stage and phylogeny is known as the history of an organism through ages during evolution.

Jurassic period of the mesozoic era was characterised by:

Solution

Jurassic period of meoszoic era was about 19-20 crore years ago & lasted for about 5.5-6 crore years. The climate was hot and damp. It is called the age of dinosaurs. Ist primitive bird Archaeopteryx evolved from reptiles. Ist angiosperm appeared as a dicotyledon but gymnosperms were dominant.

Which one of the following amino-acid was not found to be synthesized in Miller’s experiment ?

Solution

Glutamic Acid is one of the non-essential amino acids,closely related to glutamine. The two constitute a substantial fraction of the amino acids in many proteins(10–20% in many cases and up to 45% in some plant proteins). An important metabolic intermediate as well as a neurotransmitter molecule in the central nervous system, glutamic acid finds uses in medicine and biochemical research. Its sodium salt is the food flavour enhancer monosodium glutamate (MSG).

Hugo de Vries gave his mutation theory on organic evolution while working on:

Which one of the following phenomena supports Darwin’s concept of natural selection in organic evolution?

Solution

When DDT was sprayed to kill mosquitoes, there were only few mosquitoes which were already resistant to DDT, and hence survived. Most of the mosquitoes which were sensitive to DDT died.

Due to differential reproduction the resistant mosquitoes got more chances of reproduction and multiplied. After few generations most of the mosquitoes were resistant.The sensitive were very few. This supports Darwin’s theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest.

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