NEET

Classification given by Bentham and Hooker is

Artificial
Natural
Phylogenetic
Numerical

Solution

George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker has given Natural system of classification.

Artificial system of classification was first used by

Linnaeus
De Candolle
Pliny the Edler
Bentham and Hooker

Solution

Pliny the Edler introduced first artificial system of classification in his book Historia Naturalis.

System of classification used by Linnaeus was

Natural system
Artificial system
Phylogenetic system
Asexual system

Solution

Linnaeus put forward an “Artificial system” of plant classification which was based on sexual characters. It is commonly also called as sexual system of plant classification.

An important criterion for modern day classification is

Resemblances in morphology
Anatomical and physiological traits
Breeding habits
Presence or absence of notochord

Solution

Modern day classification is new systematics or biosystematics which includes all the characteristics of organisms gathered from the study of different sections like physiology, ecology, anatomy,biochemistry, cytology.

Binomial nomenclature means

One name given by two scientists
One scientific name consisting of a generic and specificepithet
Two names, one latinised, other of a person
Two names of same plant

Solution

Binomial Nomenclature means the scientific name of any organism consist of a generic epithet and a specific epithet.

Phylogenetic classification is based on

Utilitarian system
Habits
Overall similarities
Common evolutionary descent

Solution

The first phylogenetic system of classification was proposed by Adolf Engler and his associate Karl Prantl in their monograph “Die Naturlichen Pflanzen Familien”.In this system of classification organisms are classified on the basis of evolutionary sequence and genetic relationship among the organisms. Hence, this system is highly dynamic not static.

Which of the following is less general in characters as compared to genus?

Species
Division
Class
Family

Solution

Species is the lowest taxonomic category. Class is a category made of one or more related orders possessing similar correlated characters, Family is composed of one to many related genera. Division comprises of several related classes.

The practical purpose of classification of living organisms is to

explain the origin of living organsims
trace the evolution of living organsims
name the living organisms
facilitate identification of unknown organisms

Solution

Biological classification is the scientific arrangement of organisms in a hierarchial series of groups and subgroups on the basis of similarities and differences in their traits.It helps in building evolutionary pathways and in identifying new organisms.

Phenetic classification is based on

sexual characteristics
the ancestral lineage of existing organisms
observable characteristics of existing organisms
dendograms based on DNA characteristics

Solution

Phenetic classification is based upon observable characteristics of an organism.

Biosystematics aims at

identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics
the classification of organisms based on broad morphological characters
delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationships
the classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies

Solution

Biosystematics is the study of diversity of organism and all their comparative and evolutionary relationships.

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