Which of the following statements is false about cones?

(1) The daylight vision and colour vision are function of cones

(2) In human eye, there are three types of cones having characteristic photopigments that respond to red, green and blue light

(3) The sensations of different colours are produced by various combination of these 3 types of cones

(4) When these 3 types of cones are stimulated equally, a sensation of white light is produced.

Only (4)
Only (1) and (4)
Only (3)
None of these

Read the following statements and identify the correct options.
Na⁺ – K⁺ pump

(1) Needs energy (ATP) to work

(2) Expels 3 Na⁺ for every 2K⁺ ions imported

(3) Works against a concentration gradient

(4) Maintains resting potential

All are correct
Only (2) and (3) are correct
Only (1) and (3) are correct
None is correct

Match Column I with Column II

Column I	Column II
A. Pinna	1. Collects vibrations in the air which produces sound
B. Ear Canal	2. Passage for sound wave from pinna to ear drum
C. Tympanic membrane	3. Transfers sound wave to ear ossicles
D. Ear Ossicles	4. Increases the efficiency of transmission of sound waves to the innear ear
E. Cochlea	5. Has hearing receptors
F. Eustachian tube	6. Equalizes the pressure on both sides of ear drum

A → (1); B → (2); C → (3); D → (4); E → (5); F → (6)
A → (1); B → (6); C → (5); D → (4); E → (3); F → (2)
A → (1); B → (2); C → (4); D → (3); E → (5); F → (6)
A → (2); B → (6); C → (5); D → (4); E → (3); F → (1)

Match Column I with Column II

Column I	Column II
A. Cerebrum	1. Controls the pituitary
B. Cerebellum	2. Controls vision and hearing
C. Hypothalamus	3. Controls the rate of heart beat
D. Midbrain	4. Seat of intelligence
	5. Maintains body posture

A → (5); B → (4); C → (2); D → (1)
A → (4); B → (5); C → (3); D → (1)
A → (5); B → (4); C → (3); D → (2)
A → (5); B → (5); C → (1); D → (2)

Study the diagram of synapse –

I. Which numbered label indicate the location of the receptor molecules?

II. Which number points to a synaptic vesicles?

III. Which number point to neurotransmitter?

IV. Which number points to synaptic cleft?

C A B D
B A C D
C A D B
C D A B

The accompanying diagram show the structure of neuron. Identify A to E.

A B C D E

Nerve fibre Cyton or cell body Schwann cell Node of Ranvier Synaptic knob
A B C D E

Dendrites Cyton or cell body Schwann cell Node of Ranvier Synaptic knob
A B C D E

Dendrites Nerve cell Schwann cell Node of Ranvier Synaptic knob
A B C D E

Dendrites Cyton or cell body Nerve cell Node of Ranvier Synaptic knob

A	B	C	D	E
Nerve fibre	Cyton or cell body	Schwann cell	Node of Ranvier	Synaptic knob

A	B	C	D	E
Dendrites	Cyton or cell body	Schwann cell	Node of Ranvier	Synaptic knob

A	B	C	D	E
Dendrites	Nerve cell	Schwann cell	Node of Ranvier	Synaptic knob

A	B	C	D	E
Dendrites	Cyton or cell body	Nerve cell	Node of Ranvier	Synaptic knob

The figure shows an axon terminal and synapse. Select the option giving correct identifications of tables A-D

A– Axon terminal; B–Serotonin complex
A – Action potential; C – Neurotransmitter
B – Neurotransmitter; D – Receptor capsules
C – Receptor; D – Synaptic vesicles

Solution

In the given figure, A, B, C and D are axon, neurotransmitters, receptors and synaptic vesicles respectively.

A sagittal section of human-brain is shown here. Identify at least two labels from A-D.

A – Cerebral hemispheres; B – Cerebellum
C – Mid brain; D – Cerebellum
A – Cerebrum; C – Pons
B – Corpus callosum; D – Medulla

Solution

Cerebrum is the first and most developed part of fore brain. It makes 2/3 part of total brain. Pons is a small spherical projection, which is situated below the mid brain and up-per side of the medulla oblongata. It acts as a relay centre among different parts of brain. B and D are thalamus and spinal cord respectively.

A diagram showing axon terminal and synapse is given. Identify correctly at least two of A-D.

B-Synaptic connection, D-K⁺
A-Neurotransmitter, B-Synaptic cleft
C- Neurotransmitter, D-Ca⁺⁺
A-Receptor, C-Synaptic vesicles

Solution

A-Receptor, C-Synaptic vesicles B is synaptic cleft. A synapse is formed by the membranes of a synaptic neuron and post synaptic neuron, which may or may not separated by a gap called synaptic cleft. It is filled by fluid called neurotransmitter which are involved intransmission of impulse at these synapses.

The most abundant intracellular cation is :

Ca⁺⁺
H⁺
K⁺
Na⁺

Solution

The most abundant intracellular cation is K⁺.

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