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The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called :
The wings is a classic example of convergent evolution. Flying insects, birds and bats same all evolved the capacity of flight independently. All four serve the same function and are similar in structure but an atomically different.
The eye of octopus and eye of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar function. This is an example of:
The eye of octopus and eye of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar functions. This is an example of analogous organs. Analogous organs have evolved due to convergent evolution. Analogous organs have developed in the evolutionary process through adaptation of quite different organisms to similar mode of life.