Low Ca++ in the body fluid may be the cause of:
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Solution
Tetany is caused by reduction in the calcium level due to underactive parathyroid hormone.
Injury to adrenal cortex is not likely to affect the secretion of which one of the following?
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Solution
Adrenal gland has two parts-cortex and medulla. The medulla is stimulated by sympathetic nervous tissue to produce adrenaline and non-adrenaline while the cortex is stimulated by pituitary hormone to release cortisol,aldosterone and estrogens. Thus injury to adrenal cortex is not likely to affect the secretion of adrenaline.
A health disorder that results from the deficiency of thyroxine in adults and characterised by
(i) a low metabolic rate,
(ii) increase in body weight and
(iii) tendency to retain water in tissues is:
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Solution
Myxoedema is caused by deficiency of thyroid hormone or thyroxine in adults. It is characterised by increase in body weight, puffy appearance, low metabolic rate, and tendency to retain water in tissues.
Which one of the following pairs of organs includes only the endocrine glands?
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Solution
Parathyroid and adrenal are the endocrine glands.
The blood calcium level is lowered by the deficiency of
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Solution
A peptide hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland in response to low levels of calcium in the blood. It acts to maintain normal blood levels of calcium by increasing the number of osteoclasts, which break down the bone matrix and release calcium into the blood.
Feeling the tremors of an earthquake a scared resident of seventh floor of a multistored building starts climbing down the stairs rapidly. Which hormone initiated this action ?
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Solution
It is commonly called as ‘emergency hormone’ or 3F–hormone (For fear, fight & flight). Its secretion is regulated by SNS, and not by pituitary as in case of adrenal cortex. It stimulates sweating, heart beat and breathing rate. It causes the dilation of coronary artery(supplying blood to the heart muscles), bronchioles (for increasing inspiratory volume) and pupil (for better vision).
Which part of ovary in mammals acts as an endocrine gland after ovulation ?
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Solution
Graafian follicle – the ovarian medulla contains many rounded or oval bodies, called ovarian, or grafian follicles, at various stages of development. Each follicle contains a large ovum surrounded by many layers of follicle cells.
Which one of the following statement is correct?
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Solution
Endocrine glands regulate neural activity as endocrine glands secrete epinephrine & norepinephrine which have their effects on neuron activity. On the other hand neuron also controls the activity of endocrine glands by secreting neurohormones which regulate the activity of many endocrine glands.
Which hormone causes dilation of blood vessels, increased oxygen consumption and glucogenesis?
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Solution
Adrenaline (called Frieght-Flight-Fight hormone) in responsible for the dilation of blood vessels, increased oxygen consumption by tissues & glucogenes is to prepare the body for emergency reactions under the threatening conditions.
Which of the following is an accumulation and release centre of neuro hormones ?
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Solution
Neurohormones are actually secreted by the neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus. They are circulated to the posterior part of the pituitary gland through the blood & stored there and released when required.