Match Column I with Column II

Column – I	Column – II
A.Tidal volume	1.2500 to 3000 ml
B.Inspiratory reserve volume	2.1000 ml of air
C.Expiratory reserve	3.500 ml of air
D.Residual volume	4.3400 to 4800 ml of air
E.Vital capacity	5.1200 ml of air

A→3; B→4; C→2; D→1; E→5
A→3; B→1; C→2; D→5; E→4
A→3; B→1; C→4; D→5; E→4
A→5; B→4; C→2; D→1; E→2

The diagram represents the human larynx. Choose the correct combination of labelling from the options given.

A –Larynx, B – Parathyroid, C – Tracheal cartilage,D – Trachea
A –Naso Larynx, B –Thyroid, C – Tracheal cartilage,D – Trachea
A – Trachea, B –Thyroid,C – Bronchiole, D – Tracheal cartilage
A – Epiglottis, B – Thyroid, C – Tracheal cartilage,D – Trachea

Which one of the following is one of the paths followed by air/O₂ during respiration in an adult male Periplaneta americana as it enters the animal body?

Hypopharynx, mouth, pharynx, trachea, tissues
Spiracle in metathorax, trachea, tracheoles, oxygen diffuses into cells
Mouth, bronchial tube, trachea, oxygen enters cells
Spiracles inprothorax, tracheoles, trachea, oxygen diffuses into cells

Solution

The number of spiracles in cockroach is 10-pairs (2-pairs in thoracic and 8-pairs in abdominal region). The thoracic pairs of spiracles are present on pleuron between prothorax- mesothorax and metathorax. Each spiracle opens into a chamber called atrium. After atrium the tracheal tube ramifies into fine branches of tracheae, and then tracheoles.

Figure shown schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels A to D. Identify the label and give its function’s.

B-Pulmonary artery-takes blood from heart to lungs,PO₂= 90 mm Hg
C-Vena Cava - takes blood from body parts to right auricle, PCO₂= 45 mm Hg
D - Dorsal aorta - takes blood from Heart to body Part PO₂= 95 mm Hg
A-Pulmonary vein - takes impure blood from body parts,PO₂= 60 mm Hg

Solution

A is Pulmonary vein which takes pure blood from lungs to heart. B is dorsal aorta which takes pure blood from heart to various body parts. C is Vena cava which takes impure blood from various body pars to right auricle of heart. D is pulmonary artery which takes impure blood from heart to lungs.

The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A, B, C and D. Select the option which gives correct identification and main function and/or characteristics.

B-pleural membrane-surrounds ribs on both sides to provides cushion against rubbing.
C-Alveoli-thin walled vascular bag like structures for exchange of gases.
D-Lower end of lungs-diaphragm pulls it down during inspiration
A-trachea-long tube supported by complete cartilaginousrings for conducting inspired air

Solution

Alveoli are very thin, irregular walled bag like structures for gaseous exchange. Tracheae bronchi and bronchioles are supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings. Double layered pleural membrane surrounds the lungs with pleural fluid between them.It reduces friction on the lung surface.

Maximum amount of oxygen is lost from the blood in the

Capillaries surrounding the tissue cells
Arteries of the body
Capillaries surrounding the alveoli
Left auricle of the heart

Oxygen debt is proves that

O₂cannot be stored in tissue
Aerobic respiration is more complex than glycolysis
Lactic acid can be converted into glycogen
Anaerobic process are slower than aerobic processes

In lungs there is definite exchange of ions between RBC and plasma. Removal of CO₂ from blood involves

Influx of Cl–ions into RBC
Influx of HCO3–ions into RBC
Efflux of Cl–ions into RBC
Efflux of HCO₃–ions into RBC

Combination of haemoglobin with O₂ in lungs can be promoted by

Increasing CO₂ concentration in blood
Increasing O₂ concentration in blood
Decreasing O₂ concentration in blood
Introducing CO in blood

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