The nurse is caring for a newborn with hypospadias. Which statement describes hypospadias?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Hypospadias results when the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis rather than the tip. Answer B is incorrect because it refers to ureteral reflux. Answer C is incorrect because it refers to epispadias. Answer D is incorrect because it refers to exstrophy of the bladder.
Which home remedy is suitable to relieve the itching associated with varicella?
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Solution
Answer D is correct. Applying a paste of baking soda and water soothes the itching and helps to dry the vesicles. The use of baby powder is not recommended because inhalation of the powder is detrimental to the client; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Answers B and C are incorrect choices because hydrogen peroxide and saline will not relieve the itching and will prevent the vesicles from crusting.
The mother of a child with hemophilia asks the nurse which overthe-counter medication is suitable for her child’s joint discomfort. The nurse should tell the mother to purchase:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The nurse should recommend acetaminophen for the child’s joint discomfort because it will have no effect on the bleeding time. Answers A, C, and D are all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications that can prolong bleeding time; therefore, they are not suitable for the child with hemophilia.
The nurse is formulating a plan of care for a client with a cognitive disorder. Which activity is most appropriate for the client with confusion and short attention span?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Participating in reality orientation is the most appropriate activity for the client who is confused. Answers B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not suitable activities for a client who is confused.
A client with a history of clots is receiving Lovenox (enoxaparin). Which drug is given to counteract the effects of enoxaparin?
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Solution
Answer D is correct. Protamine sulfate is given to counteract the effects of enoxaprin as well as heparin. Calcium gluconate is given to counteract the effects of magnesium sulfate; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Answer B is incorrect because aquamephyton is given to counteract the effects of sodium warfarin. Answer C is incorrect because methergine is given to increase uterine contractions following delivery.
When performing a newborn assessment, the nurse measures the circumference of the neonate’s head and chest. Which assessment finding is expected in the normal newborn?
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The head circumference of the normal newborn is approximately 33 cm, while the chest circumference is 31cm. Answer A is incorrect because the head and chest are not the same circumference. Answer C is incorrect because the head is larger in circumference than the chest. Answer D is incorrect because the difference in head circumference and chest circumference is too great.
A client with a hiatal hernia has been taking magnesium hydroxide for relief of heartburn. Overuse of magnesium-based antacids can cause the client to have:
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Solution
Answer D is correct. Overuse of magnesium-containing antacids results in diarrhea. Antacids containing calcium and aluminum cause constipation; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Answers B and C are not associated with the use of magnesium antacids; therefore, they are incorrect.
A client with acute pancreatitis has requested pain medication. Which pain medication is indicated for the client with acute pancreatitis?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. To prevent spasms of the sphincter of Oddi, the client with acute pancreatitis should receive non-opiate analgesics for pain. Answer B is incorrect because the client with acute pancreatitis might be prone to bleed; therefore, Toradol is not a drug of choice for pain control. Morphine and codeine, opiate analgesics, are contraindicated for the client with acute pancreatitis; therefore, answers C and D are incorrect.
The LPN is reviewing the lab results of an elderly client when she notes a specific gravity of 1.025. The nurse recognizes that:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The normal specific gravity is 1.010 to 1.025. Answers A, C, and D are inaccurate statements; therefore, they are incorrect.
A client has an order for Dilantin (phenytoin) .2g orally twice a day. The medication is available in 100mg capsules. For the morning medication, the nurse should administer:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The nurse should administer two capsules. Answers A, C, and D contain inaccurate amounts; therefore, they are incorrect.