A client with AIDS complains of a weight loss of 20 pounds in the past month. Which diet is suggested for the client with AIDS?
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Solution
Answer D is correct. The suggested diet for the client with AIDS is one that is high calorie, high protein, and low fat. Clients with AIDS have a reduced tolerance to fat because of the disease as well as side effects from some antiviral medications; therefore, answers A and C are incorrect. Answer B is incorrect because the client needs a high-protein diet.
The diagnostic work-up of a client hospitalized with complaints of progressive weakness and fatigue confirms a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The medication used to treat myasthenia gravis is:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Prostigmin is used to treat clients with myasthenia gravis. Answer B is incorrect because atropine sulfate is used in the management of the client with cholinergic crisis. Answer C is incorrect because the drug is unrelated to the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Answer D is incorrect because it is the test for myasthenia gravis.
A client with diverticulitis is admitted with nausea, vomiting, and dehydration. Which finding suggests a complication of diverticulitis?
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Solution
Answer B is correct. A rigid or boardlike abdomen is suggestive of peritonitis, which is a complication of diverticulitis. Answers A, C, and D are common findings in diverticulitis; therefore, they are incorrect.
Physician’s orders for a client with acute pancreatitis include the following: strict NPO, NG tube to low intermittent suction. The nurse recognizes that these interventions will:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Placing the client on strict NPO status will stop the inflammatory process by reducing the secretion of pancreatic enzymes. The use of low, intermittent suction prevents release of secretion in the duodenum. Answer B is incorrect because the client requires exogenous insulin. Answer C is incorrect because it does not prevent the secretion of gastric acid. Answer D is incorrect because it does not eliminate the need for analgesia.
The nurse is teaching the parents of an infant with osteogenesis imperfecta. The nurse should tell the parents:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. To prevent fractures, the parents should lift the infant by the buttocks rather than the ankles when diapering. Answer A is incorrect because infants with osteogenesis imperfecta have normal calcium and phosphorus levels. Answer C is incorrect because the condition is not temporary. Answer D is incorrect because the teeth and the sclera are also affected.
The nurse is caring for a client admitted with suspected myasthenia gravis. Which finding is usually associated with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis?
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Solution
Answer D is correct. The client with myasthenia develops progressive weakness that worsens during the day. Answer A is incorrect because it refers to symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Answer B is incorrect because it refers to symptoms of Guillain Barre syndrome. Answer C is incorrect because it refers to Parkinson’s disease.
A client with diabetes mellitus has a prescription for Glucotrol XL (glipizide). The client should be instructed to take the medication:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Glucotrol XL is given once a day with breakfast. Answer A is incorrect because the client would develop hypoglycemia while sleeping. Answers C and D are incorrect choices because the client would develop hypoglycemia later in the day or evening.
The physician has discussed the need for medication with the parents of an infant with congenital hypothyroidism. The nurse can reinforce the physician’s teaching by telling the parents that:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The medication will be needed throughout the child’s lifetime. Answers A, C, and D contain inaccurate statements; therefore, they are incorrect.
The nurse has taken the blood pressure of a client hospitalized with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. Which action by the nurse indicates an understanding regarding the care of clients with MRSA?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. The stethoscope should be left in the client’s room for future use. The stethoscope should not be returned to the exam room or the nurse’s station; therefore, answers B and D are incorrect. The stethoscope should not be used to assess other clients; therefore, answer C is incorrect.
An obstetrical client calls the clinic with complaints of morning sickness. The nurse should tell the client to:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Symptoms of morning sickness might be alleviated by eating a carbohydrate source such as dry crackers or toast before arising. Answer B is incorrect because the additional fat might increase the client’s nausea. Answer C is incorrect because the client does not need to skip meals. Answer D is the treatment of hypoglycemia, not morning sickness; therefore, it is incorrect.