A client with hypertension has begun an aerobic exercise program. The nurse should tell the client that the recommended exercise regimen should begin slowly and build up to:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. The client’s aerobic workout should be 20–30 minutes long three times a week. Answers B, C, and D exceed the recommended time for the client beginning an aerobic program; therefore, they are incorrect.
The doctor has prescribed a diet high in vitamin B12 for a client with pernicious anemia. Which foods are highest in B12?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Meat, eggs, and dairy products are foods high in vitamin B12. Answer B is incorrect because peanut butter, raisins, and molasses are sources rich in iron. Answer C is incorrect because broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage are all sources rich in vitamin K. Answer D is incorrect because shrimp, legumes, and bran cereals are high in magnesium.
A 6-year-old with cystic fibrosis has an order for pancreatic replacement. The nurse knows that the medication will be given:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Pancreatic enzyme replacement is given with each meal and each snack. Answers A, C, and D do not specify a relationship to meals; therefore, they are incorrect.
A high school student returns to school following a 3-week absence due to mononucleosis. The school nurse knows it will be important for the client:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The client recovering from mononucleosis should avoid contact sports and other activities that could result in injury or rupture of the spleen. Answer A is incorrect because the client does not need additional fluids. Hypoglycemia is not associated with mononucleosis; therefore, answer C is incorrect. Answer D is incorrect because antibiotics are not usually indicated in the treatment of mononucleosis.
The nurse is preparing to discharge a client following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The nurse should:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the client should avoid a tub bath for 5 to 7 days. Answer B is incorrect because the stools should not be clay colored. Answer C is incorrect because pain is usually located in the shoulders. Answer D is incorrect because the client should not resume a regular diet until clear liquids have been tolerated.
While caring for a client with cervical cancer, the nurse notes that the radioactive implant is lying in the bed. The nurse should:
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Solution
Answer C is correct. The radioactive implant should be picked up with tongs and returned to the lead-lined container. Answer A is incorrect because radioactive materials are placed in lead-lined containers, not plastic ones, and are returned to the radiation department, not the lab. Answer B is incorrect because the client should not touch the implant or try to reinsert it. Answer D is incorrect because the implant should not be placed in the commode for disposal.
The mother of a 6-month-old asks when her child will have all his baby teeth. The nurse knows that most children have all their primary teeth by age:
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Solution
Answer D is correct. All 20 primary, or deciduous, teeth should be present by age 30 months. Answers A, B, and C are incorrect because the ages are wrong.
The nurse is caring for a client with an above-the-knee amputation (AKA). To prevent contractures, the nurse should:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. The client with an above-the-knee amputation should be placed prone 15–30 minutes twice a day to prevent contractures. Answers B and D are incorrect choices because elevating the extremity after the first 24 hours will promote the development of contractures. Use of a trochanter roll will prevent rotation of the extremity but will not prevent contractures; therefore, answer D is incorrect.
The doctor has prescribed Cortone (cortisone) for a client with systemic lupus erythematosis. Which instruction should be given to the client?
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Solution
Answer D is correct. The client taking steroid medication should receive an annual influenza vaccine. Answer A is incorrect because the medication should be taken with food. Answer B is incorrect because increased appetite and weight gain are expected side effects of the medication. Answer C is incorrect because wearing sunglasses will not prevent cataracts.
The nurse is caring for a client with stage III Alzheimer’s disease. A characteristic of this stage is:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. In stage III of Alzheimer’s disease, the client develops agnosia, or failure to recognize familiar objects. Answer A is incorrect because it appears in stage I. Answer C is incorrect because it appears in stage II. Answer D is incorrect because it appears in stage IV.