The nurse is caring for a client 1 week post-burn injury. The nurse should expect the client to benefit from a diet that is:
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Solution
Answer C is correct. The client recovering from a burn injury should have a diet that is high in protein, high in carbohydrates, and high in calories to meet the body’s requirements for tissue repair. Answer A is incorrect because the client needs additional carbohydrates. Answer B is incorrect because the client would benefit from increased fat. Answer D is incorrect because the client needs additional calories.
A child with beta thalassemia has developed hemosiderosis. To prevent organ damage, the child will receive chelation therapy with:
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Solution
Answer C is correct. Desferal (deferoxamine) is the chelating agent used to treat the child with hemosiderosis. Succimer, Versenate, and EDTA are chelating agents used to treat the child with lead poisoning; therefore, answers A, B, and D are incorrect.
A client with allergic dermatitis has a prescription for a Medrol (methylprenisolone) dose pack. The client asks why the number of pills decreases each day. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that a gradual decreasing of the daily dose is necessary to prevent:
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Solution
Answer D is correct. Gradual decreasing of the daily dose of steroid medication is necessary to prevent an Addisonian crisis caused by adrenocortical hyposecretion. Cushing’s syndrome is the result of adrenocortical hypersecretion; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Answer B is incorrect because a thyroid storm is the result of untreated hyperthyroidism. Answer C is incorrect because a cholinergic crisis is the result of overmedication with anticholinesterase drugs.
Which of the following findings is associated with fluid overload in the child with renal disease?
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Distention of the jugular veins and pitting edema are findings associated with fluid overload in the child with renal disease. Answers A, C, and D are not characteristics of fluid overload; therefore, they are incorrect.
Young children living in housing that was built before the 1970s are at risk for:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Before the mid-1970s, lead-based paint was used extensively. Children living in housing built before that time are at risk for lead poisoning. Answer B is incorrect because it is due to a lack of intrinsic factor needed for the production of red blood cells. Answer C is incorrect because it is related to the overuse of iron supplements or vitamins containing iron. Answer D is incorrect because it is related to the ingestion of grains such as oats, barley, wheat, and rye.
The physician has discharged a client with diverticulitis with a prescription for Metamucil (psyllium). When teaching the client how to prepare the medication, the nurse should tell the client to:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Metamucil should be mixed with the recommended amount of water and drunk immediately. Answers A, C, and D are improper ways of preparing the medication; therefore, they are incorrect.
Which of the following play activities is most developmentally appropriate for the toddler?
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Pulling a toy wagon is the most developmentally appropriate play activity for the toddler. Answer A is incorrect because the toddler’s attention span is too short for watching cartoons. Watching a mobile is developmentally appropriate for the infant, not the toddler; therefore, answer C is incorrect. Answer D is incorrect because the toddler lacks the fine motor development needed for using a coloring book and crayons.
To reduce the risk of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), the nurse should tell parents to place the infant:
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Solution
Answer C is correct. Placing the infant on his back while he is sleeping helps to reduce the risk of SIDS. Answers A, B, and D are incorrect because they have not been shown to reduce the risk of SIDS.
A newborn of 32 weeks gestation is diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome 3 hours after birth. An assessment finding in the newborn with respiratory distress syndrome is:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Assessment findings in the newborn with respiratory distress syndrome include nasal flaring, grunting respirations, and retractions. Answers A, C, and D are not associated with respiratory distress syndrome; therefore, they are incorrect.
Lab results indicate that a client receiving heparin has a prolonged bleeding time. Which medication is the antidote for heparin?
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Solution
Answer C is correct. Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin overdose. Aquamephyton is the antidote for sodium warfarin overdose; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Ticlid is used to inhibit platelet aggregation and decrease the incidence of strokes; therefore, answer B is incorrect. Amicar is used in the management of hemorrhage caused by thrombolytic agents; therefore, answer D is incorrect.