The nurse is caring for a client following a stroke that left him with apraxia. The nurse knows that the client will:
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Solution
Answer D is correct. The client with apraxia is unable to recognize the purpose of familiar objects; therefore, he is unable to perform previously learned skills such as combing his hair. Answer A is incorrect because it refers to aphasia. Answer B is incorrect because it refers to dysphagia. Answer C is incorrect because it refers to ataxia.
Which emergency treatment is appropriate for the client who suddenly develops ventricular fibrillations?
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Solution
Answer C is correct. The treatment for ventricular fibrillations (V-fib) is defibrillation (D-fib). Answers A, B, and D are not emergency treatments for the client who suddenly develops ventricular fibrillations.
The client’s morning lithium level is 1.2mEq/L. The nurse recognizes that:
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Solution
Answer C is correct. The client’s lithium level is within the therapeutic range. Answer A is incorrect because the lithium level is not too low to be therapeutic. Answer B is incorrect because the client is not within the range of toxicity. Answer D is incorrect because eating more sodium-rich foods will reduce the lithium level.
The physician has ordered a PSA and acid phosphatase for a client admitted with complaints of dysuria. The nurse knows that a PSA and acid phosphatase are screening tests for:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The PSA (prostate specific antigen) and acid phosphatase are valuable screening tests for cancer of the prostate. The PSA is not a screening test for cancers of the bladder, vas deferens, or testes; therefore, answers A, C, and D are incorrect.
Which food is the best source of calcium and potassium?
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Solution
Answer C is correct. Spinach is an excellent source of both calcium and potassium. Broccoli is a good source of calcium but not potassium; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Sweet potato and avocado are good sources of potassium but not calcium; therefore, answers B and D are incorrect.
The nurse is caring for a client with esophageal cancer. The client’s history will likely reveal:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Long-term exposure to gastric contents such as that caused by gastroesophageal reflux plays a role in the development of esophageal cancer. Answers A and D are incorrect because they are not associated with esophageal cancer. A history of prolonged use of alcohol and tobacco is associated with esophageal cancer; therefore, answer C is incorrect.
The physician has ordered diuretic therapy and fluid restrictions for a client admitted with a stroke. The nurse knows that diuretic therapy and fluid restrictions are ordered during the acute phase of a stroke to:
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Solution
Answer C is correct. Diuretic therapy and restriction of fluids are ordered during the acute phase of a stroke to reduce cerebral edema. Answer A is incorrect because the orders are not intended to reduce cardiac output. Answer B is incorrect because the measures will not prevent an embolus. Answer D is incorrect because the measures are not intended to minimize incontinence.
Dietary management of the client with congestive heart failure includes the restriction of:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Dietary management of the client with congestive heart failure includes a sodium-restricted diet. Answers B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not restricted in the client with congestive heart failure.
The physician has prescribed Laradopa (levodopa) for a client with Parkinson’s disease. The nurse should:
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Solution
Answer D is correct. A side effect of Laradopa (levodopa) is orthostatic hypotension; therefore, the nurse should tell the client to rise slowly from a sitting position. Answer A is incorrect because the medication can be given with a snack to prevent gastric irritation. Answer B is incorrect because the client does not need monthly lab work. Answer C is incorrect because the medication only controls the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease; it does not cure the disease. Therefore, the medication will be taken indefinitely.
The nurse is about to administer the client’s medication when the client states that the medication “looks different” than what she took before. The safest action for the nurse to take is to:
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Solution
Answer D is correct. The nurse should recheck the MAR to make sure the medication she is about to give is correct. Answers A and B are incorrect because they do not provide for the client’s safety. Answer C is incorrect because the pharmacist might or might not have made a substitution. The nurse needs to validate generic substitution before administering the medication.