A newborn male has been diagnosed with hypospadias with chordee. The nurse understands that the infant will have altered patterns of urination because:
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Solution
Answer A is correct. The infant with hypospadias has altered patterns of urinary elimination caused by the location of the urinary meatus on the dorsum, or underside, of the penis. Answer B is incorrect because it refers to ureteral reflux. Answer C is incorrect because it refers to epispadias. Answer D is incorrect because it refers to exstrophy of the bladder.
Which home remedy is suitable to relieve the itching associated with varicella?
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Solution
Answer D is correct. Applying a paste of baking soda and water soothes the itching and helps to dry the vesicles. The use of baby powder is not recommended for either children; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Answers B and C are incorrect because hydrogen peroxide and saline will not relieve the itching and will prevent the vesicles from crusting.
The mother of a child with hemophilia asks the nurse which over-the-counter medication is suitable for her child’s joint discomfort. The nurse should tell the mother to purchase:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The nurse should recommend acetaminophen for the child’s joint discomfort because it will have no effect on the bleeding time. Answers A, C, and D are all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications that can prolong bleeding time; therefore, they are not suitable for the child with hemophilia.
The nurse is formulating a plan of care for a client with a cognitive disorder. Which activity is most appropriate for the client with confusion and short attention span?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Participating in reality orientation is the most appropriate activity for the client who is confused. Answers B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not suitable activities for a client who is confused.
A client with a history of emboli is receiving Lovenox (enoxaparin). Which drug is given to counteract the effects of enoxaparin?
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Solution
Answer D is correct. Protamine sulfate is given to counteract the effects of enoxaprin as well as heparin. Calcium gluconate is given to counteract the effects of magnesium sulfate; therefore, answer A is incorrect. Answer B is incorrect because aquamephyton is given to counteract the effects of sodium warfarin. Answer C is incorrect because methargine is given to increase uterine contractions following delivery.
Which information should be given to the client taking phenytoin (Dilantin)?
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Solution
Answer C is correct. Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of phenytoin. The client will need more frequent dental visits. Answers A, B, and D do not apply to the medication; therefore, they are incorrect.
A client with schizophrenia is receiving chlorpromazine (Thorazine) 400mg twice a day. An adverse side effect of the medication is:
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Solution
Answer B is correct. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is an adverse reaction that is characterized by extreme elevations in temperature. Answers A and C are incorrect because they are expected side effects. Elevations in blood pressure are associated with reactions between foods containing tyramine and MAOI; therefore, answer D is incorrect.
Which of the following snacks would be suitable for the child with gluten-induced enteropathy?
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Solution
Answer B is correct. The client with gluten-induced enteropathy experiences symptoms after ingesting foods containing wheat, oats, barley, or rye. Corn or millet are substituted in the diet. Answers A, C, and D are incorrect because they contain foods that worsen the client’s condition.
Which of the following skin lesions is associated with Lyme’s disease?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. Lyme’s disease produces a characteristic annular or circular rash sometimes described as a “bull’s eye” rash. Answers B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not symptoms associated with Lyme’s disease.
The client scheduled for electroconvulsive therapy tells the nurse, “I’m so afraid. What will happen to me during the treatment?” Which of the following statements is most therapeutic for the nurse to make?
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Solution
Answer A is correct. The client will receive medication that relaxes skeletal muscles and produces mild sedation. Answers B and D are incorrect because such statements increase the client’s anxiety level. Nausea and headache are not associated with ECT; therefore, answer C is incorrect.