What are the advantages to using directional hypotheses? Select all that apply.

Which criteria are used to determine testability of a hypothesis? Select all that apply.

A. Use of quantifiable words such as greater than or less than
B. A hypothesis stated in such a way that it can be clearly supported or not supported
C. The use of value-laden words in a hypothesis
D. Data-collection efforts that prove the validity of the hypothesis

Solution

Answer: A, B

Quantifiable words increase the testability of a hypothesis (A). The more clearly the hypothesis is stated, the easier it will be to accept or reject it based on study findings (B). Hypotheses should not have value-laden words (C). Data-collection processes are not part of the criterion used to evaluate the testability of hypotheses (D).

Which statements are part of the criteria used to judge the soundness of a stated research question? Select all that apply.

Which of the following hypotheses are indicative of an experimental research design? Select all that apply.

A. Frequent irrigation of Foley catheters will be positively related to urinary tract infections.
B. The incidence of urinary tract infections will be greater in patients whose Foley catheters are irrigated frequently than in those whose Foley catheters are irrigated less frequently.
C. Frequent irrigation of Foley catheters is associated with urinary tract infections.
D. The incidence of urinary tract infections will not differ between patients with or without Foley catheters.

Which of the following phrases would be found in a report of a quantitative study?

Solution

When a sample of convenience is chosen, the study is a quantitative study. Qualitative studies explore phenomena. Data collected in qualitative studies are “interpreted.” Qualitative studies explore the meaning of human experience.

Which of the following phrases would be found in a report of a qualitative study?

Solution

Data collected were perceptions of pain, not numeric data. Other options are found in a report of a quantitative study.

For which of the following research questions would qualitative methods be most appropriate?

A. Which pain medications decrease the need for sleep medication in elderly patients?
B. What is the meaning of health for migrant farm-worker women?
C. Under what conditions does a decubitus ulcer heal most quickly?
D. How does frequency of medication administration impact the degree of pain experienced following knee replacement surgery?

Solution

This question seeks to explore a phenomenon (health) for a specific population.

What does a critique of a research study always include? Select all that apply.

Which statement best describes qualitative research? Select all that apply.

What are the critiquing criteria used to judge the worth of a research study? Select all that apply.

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