During a hypertensive crisis, the nurse make sure which of this medicine is readily available?
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Solution
Phentolamine.
In a hypertensive emergency, the first goal is to bring down the blood pressure as quickly as possible with intravenous (IV) blood pressure medications to prevent further organ damage. Phentolamine Mesylate (phentolamine mesylate) is used as an antidote for a hypertensive crisis.
Option A: Lithium citrate is a mood stabilizer.
Option C: Diazepam is a benzodiazpepines.
Option D: Phenobarbital sodium is a barbiturate and sedative hypnotics.
Patients taking MAOIs have the tendency to experience hypertensive crisis especially during an interaction with other drugs such as epinephrine. Which of the following is a sign of hypertensive crisis?
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Solution
Diplopia.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Toxicity symptoms include hypertension, tachycardia, diplopia, nausea, dilated pupils, palpitations, constricting chest pain and altered mental status.
Options A and C are a common side effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitor.
Option D is not a related symptoms of hypertensive crisis.
A client with depression is taking phenelzine (Nardil). The nurse advises the client to avoid consuming which foods while taking the medication
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Solution
Yogurt.
Phenelzine (Nardil) is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. The client should avoid eating tyramine-rich foods such as chocolate, alcoholic beverages, aged cheese, yogurt, processed meats, and fruits such as raisins, avocados, bananas, or figs.
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client who is prescribed with isocarboxazid (Marplan). The nurse will tell the client to anticipate which of the following side effects of this medication?
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Solution
Dizziness.
Isocarboxazid is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness, weakness, problems sleeping, constipation, and dry mouth may occur while taking it.
Options A, B, and D are not side effects related to the medication.
A newly admit client has started taking bupropion (Wellbutrin). The nurse monitors in which of the following side effects that would indicate an overdosage of the medication?
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Solution
Seizure.
Wellbutrin (bupropion) is an antidepressant medication used to treat major depressive disorder and seasonal affective disorder. Overdose symptoms may include seizure, muscle stiffness, hallucinations, fast or uneven heartbeat, shallow breathing, or fainting.
Options A, B, and C are the common side effects of the medication
A client arrives in the emergency room with a tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Which of the following measures should the nurse do, except?
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Solution
Administration of an antipyretic.
One of the signs and symptoms of a tricyclic antidepressant overdose is hypothermia, so an administration of an antipyretic will not help in the treatment.
Option A: Maintain a patent airway by providing measures such as oxygen.
Option B: Sodium bicarbonate resolves metabolic acidosis and cardiovascular complications.
Option C: Gastric lavage with activated charcoal is done for GI decontamination.
Option D: An ECG is done to check for dysrhythmias.
A client is prescribed with sertraline (Zoloft). To guarantee a safe administration of the medication, a nurse would administer the dose:At bedtime.
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Solution
At bedtime.
Sertraline (Zoloft) is an antidepressant. It may be administered in the morning or evening, but giving it in the evening is more favored since drowsiness is one of the side effects.
A client with depression who has been taking amitriptyline for three months returns to the clinic for a follow-up. The nurse observes the client in which of the following symptoms?
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Solution
Suicidal thoughts.
Clients may have thoughts about suicide when taking an antidepressant such as amitriptyline, especially clients younger than 24 years old.
Options B, C, and D are signs of depressions but are most likely improved as the treatment goes on.
The risk of experiencing serotonin syndrome when SSRI’s are given with monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as phenelzine (Nardil). Serotonin syndrome is best characterized in which of the following?
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Solution
Muscle rigidity and high fever.
Serotonin syndrome symptoms include high body temperature, agitation, muscle rigidity, tremor, sweating, dilated pupils, and diarrhea.
A nurse provides instructions to a client taking fluoxetine (Prozac) a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) antidepressant. The nurse tells the client to take the medication:
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Solution
Early in the morning.
Fluoxetine is used to treat major depressive disorder, bulimia nervosa obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). It is taken early in the morning to prevent interference with sleep.