Which of the following statements describes the action of antacids?
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Solution
Antacids neutralize gastric acid.
Antacids act to bring the pH above 3. Other choices are incorrect because they describe actions of antiacid drugs.
The effects of theophylline may be increased by:
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Solution
Cimetidine
Cimetidine will increase the effects of theophylline.
To evaluate the effectiveness of theophylline therapy, which of the following laboratory values must be drawn?
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Solution
Theophylline levels
Theophylline levels must be drawn to determine if the drug is present in therapeutic amounts in the client’s serum.
A client with which of the following conditions may experience a dangerous or fatal side effect of theophylline?
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Solution
Cardiac disorder
A client with a heart condition may experience dangerous stimulation from this drug. Theophylline should be administered cautiously with all the other choices, but consequences are most dangerous or possibly fatal for clients with a heart condition.
When administering the methylxanthine theophylline, the nurse can expect:
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Solution
Increased pulmonary function
Theophylline will improve ventilation so there will be an overall improvement of pulmonary measurements. Other choices are the opposite of what will actually occur with theophylline administration.
The nurse should instruct a client who is taking an expectorant to:
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Solution
increase fluids.
Increasing fluids will help liquefy secretions and facilitate removal.
Shenaya will be having her exam in pharmacology tomorrow. She should be aware that antitussive is indicated to:
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Solution
relieve a dry cough.
An antitussive is a cough suppressant. Choices A and C describe the action of an expectorant. Choice D describes the action of a decongestant.
Raul, a 20-year-old student, used to buy OTC drugs whenever he feels sick. Which of the following statements best describes the danger of self-medication with over-the-counter drugs?
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Solution
Clients minimize the effects of over-the-counter drugs because they are available without prescription.
This choice is correct because it includes the other three risks noted in choices A, B, and D.
Daniel has vertigo, which antihistamine is best for his condition?
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Solution
Meclizine
Meclizine (Antivert) is given for vertigo and motion sickness. Choices C and D are not antihistamines. Choice A is an antihistamine, but meclizine is the standard drug in the treatment of vertigo.
Nurse Rita is giving instructions to her client who is taking antihistamine. Which of the following nurse teachings is appropriate for the client?
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Solution
Avoid ingesting alcohol.
Because alcohol and antihistamines have sedating properties, concurrent administration of these drugs should be avoided. Antihistamines and decongestants are often given together. Dry mouth is a common side effect, not increased salivation. Not all antihistamines last 24 hours.