Jomarick is diagnosed with FVD; which of the following nursing diagnoses might apply to his condition?
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Solution
decreased cardiac output
Decreased cardiac output is a nursing diagnosis associated with isotonic FVD. Other appropriate nursing diagnoses include altered tissue perfusion, potential for injury, and ineffective breathing pattern.
Body fluids perform which of the following functions?
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Solution
transport nutrients
Body fluids facilitate the transport of nutrients, hormones, proteins, and other molecules.
Christoff is diagnosed with hypermagnesemia. Symptoms of her condition may include:
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Solution
cardiac arrhythmias
Cardiac arrhythmias are associated with hypermagnesemia. Hypertension, tachycardia, and hyperactive reflexes are signs of hypomagnesemia.
Daniel who is a marathon runner is at high risk for fluid volume deficit. Which one of the following is a related factor?
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Solution
increased breathing and perspiration
Excessive fluid can be lost if breathing and perspiration are at an increased rate for a prolonged period.
Disease of which of the following structures is most likely to affect electrolyte reabsorption?
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Solution
renal tubules
The renal tubules are the site of electrolyte reabsorption. The glomerulus is the site of electrolyte filtration. The bladder is where the urine is stored. The renal pelvis is where urine travels as it moves from the collecting ducts to the ureter.
Maria, an 85-year-old patient with a feeding tube, has been experiencing severe watery stool. The patient is lethargic and has poor skin turgor, a pulse of 120, and hyperactive reflexes. Nursing interventions would include:
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Solution
measuring and recording intake and output and daily weights
The patient is exhibiting signs of hypernatremia and dehydration. The most appropriate nursing intervention is to measure and record intake and output and daily weight.
The balance of anions and cations as it occurs across cell membranes is known as:
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Solution
electrical neutrality
Electrical neutrality refers to a state in which the same number of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions are present on either side of the membrane. Osmotic activity refers to the attraction of a solute to a solvent. Sodium-potassium pump refers to the exchange of electrolytes.
When teaching a patient about foods high in magnesium, the nurse would include:
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Solution
green vegetables
Green vegetables are high in magnesium.
Mr. Miyazaki who is diagnosed of bipolar disorder has been drinking copious amounts of water and voiding frequently. The patient is experiencing muscle cramps, twitching, and is reporting dizziness. the nurse checks lab work for:
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Solution
electrolytes, particularly the serum sodium
The patient is exhibiting behavior that could lead to a sodium and water imbalance and is exhibiting signs of hyponatremia. The nurse would check the electrolytes with attention to the sodium level.
The type of fluid used to manipulate fluid shifts among compartments states is:
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Solution
albumin
Albumin is a colloid that is used to manipulate fluid shifts among compartments. Whole blood is used to replace blood volume. TPN is used for patients who are unable to take in food or fluid. Ensure is high caloric nutritional supplement; it is not used to manipulate fluid shifts.