A pregnant woman is advised to alter her diet during pregnancy by increasing her protein and Vitamin C to meet the needs of the growing fetus. Which diet BEST meets the client’s needs?
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Solution
Beef, ½ C. Lima beans, glass of skim milk, ¾ C. strawberries
Beef and beans are an excellent source of protein as is skim milk. Strawberries are a good source of Vitamin C.
The nurse is caring for residents in a long-term care setting for the elderly. Which of the following activities will be MOST effective in meeting the growth and development needs of a person in this age group?
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Solution
Reminiscence groups
According to Erikson”s theory, older adults need to find and accept the meaningfulness of their lives, or they may become depressed, angry, and fear death. Reminiscing contributes to successful adaptation by maintaining self-esteem, reaffirming identity, and working through loss.
The nurse is observing children playing in the hospital playroom. She would expect to see 4-year-old children playing:
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Solution
Cooperatively with other preschoolers
Cooperative play is typical of the preschool period.
A woman who is six months pregnant is seen in antepartal clinic. She states she is having trouble with constipation. To minimize this condition, the nurse should instruct her to
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Solution
Increase her fluid intake to three liters/day.
In pregnancy, constipation results from decreased gastric motility and increased water reabsorption in the colon caused by increased levels of progesterone. Increasing fluid intake to three liters a day will help prevent constipation. The client should increase fluid intake, increase roughage in the diet, and increase exercise as tolerated.
Option B: Laxatives are not recommended because of the possible development of laxative dependence or abdominal cramping.
Option C: Iron supplements are necessary during pregnancy, as ordered, and should not be discontinued.
Option D: Mineral oil is especially bad to use as a laxative because it decreases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) if taken near mealtimes.
The nurse’s FIRST step in nutritional counseling/teaching for a pregnant woman is to
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Solution
Conduct a diet history to determine her normal eating routines
Assessment is always the first step in planning to teach for any client.
Which of the following is the most appropriate activity for a 5-year-old child?
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Solution
Play-Doh
In the preschooler, play is simple and imaginative and includes activities such as puppets, play-doh, and coloring book.
Option A: Squeeze toys are appropriate for infants.
Option B: Board games are appropriate for the school-age child.
Option D: Computer games are appropriate for an adolescent.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant client. The client asks how the doctor could tell she was pregnant ‘just by looking inside.’ The nurse tells her the most likely explanation is that she had a positive Chadwick’s sign, which is a
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Solution
Bluish coloration of the cervix and vaginal walls
Chadwick’s sign is a bluish-purple coloration of the cervix and vaginal walls, occurring at four (4) weeks of pregnancy, that is caused by vasocongestion.
The nurse is assessing a four-month-old infant. The nurse would anticipate finding that the infant would be able to
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Solution
Hold a rattle
The age at which a baby will develop the skill of grasping a toy with help is 4 to 6 months.
The nurse in an infertility clinic is discussing the treatment routine. The nurse advises the couple that the major stressor for couples being treated for infertility is usually
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Solution
The right scheduling of sexual intercourse.
Sexual activity “on demand” is the major cause of stress for most infertile couples.
Option A: Having to tell families may also be a factor contributing to stress but is not the major stressor.
Option B: Cost may also be a contributing factor to stress but is not usually the major factor.
Option C: The inconvenience of multiple tests may also be a factor contributing to stress but is not usually the major factor.