Unused BCG should be discarded how many hours after reconstitution?
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Solution
Answer: (B) 4
While the unused portion of other biologicals in EPI may be given until the end of the day, only BCG is discarded 4 hours after reconstitution. This is why BCG immunization is scheduled only in the morning.
Which biological used in EPI is stored in the freezer?
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Solution
Answer: (C) Measles vaccine
Among the biologicals used in the Expanded Program on Immunization, measles vaccine and OPV are highly sensitive to heat, requiring storage in the freezer.
What is given to a woman within a month after the delivery of a baby?
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Solution
Answer: (C) Retinol 200,000 I.U., 1 capsule
A capsule of Retinol 200,000 IU is given within 1 month after delivery. Potassium iodate is given during pregnancy; malunggay capsule is not routinely administered after delivery; and ferrous sulfate is taken for two months after delivery.
You explain to a breastfeeding mother that breastmilk is sufficient for all of the baby’s nutrient needs only up to:
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Solution
Answer: (B) 6 months
After 6 months, the baby’s nutrient needs, especially the baby’s iron requirement, can no longer be provided by mother’s milk alone.
In a mother’s class, you discuss proper breastfeeding technique. Which of these is a sign that the baby has “lactated on” the breast property?
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Solution
Answer: (B) The mother does not feel nipple pain.
When the baby has properly latched on to the breast, he takes deep, slow sucks; his mouth is wide open; and much of the areola is inside his mouth. And, you’re right! The mother does not feel nipple pain.
A primigravida is instructed to offer her breast to the baby for the first time within 30 minutes after delivery. What is the purpose of offering the breast this early?
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Solution
Answer: (B) To stimulate milk production by the mammary acini
Suckling of the nipple stimulates prolactin reflex (the release of prolactin by the anterior pituitary gland), which initiates lactation.
In preparing a primigravida for breastfeeding, which of the following will you do?
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Solution
Answer: (D) Explain to her that putting the baby to breast will lessen blood loss after delivery.
Suckling of the nipple stimulates the release of oxytocin by the posterior pituitary gland, which causes uterine contraction. Lactation begins 1 to 3 days after delivery. Nipple stretching exercises are done when the nipples are flat or inverted. Frequent washing dries up the nipples, making them prone to the formation of fissures.
You are in a client’s home to attend to a delivery. Which of the following will you do first?
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Solution
Answer: (D) Note the interval, duration and intensity of labor contractions.
Assessment of the woman should be done first to determine whether she is having true labor and, if so, what stage of labor she is in.
Inadequate intake by the pregnant woman of which vitamin may cause neural tube defects?
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Solution
Answer: (C) Folic acid
It is estimated that the incidence of neural tube defects can be reduced drastically if pregnant women have an adequate intake of folic acid.
During prenatal consultation, a client asked you if she can have her delivery at home. After history taking and physical examination, you advised her against a home delivery. Which of the following findings disqualifies her for a home delivery?
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Solution
Answer: (A) Her OB score is G5P3.
Only women with less than 5 pregnancies are qualified for a home delivery. It is also advisable for a primigravida to have delivery at a childbirth facility.