Which of the following clients should be classified as a case of mutibacillary leprosy?
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Solution
Answer: (D) 5 skin lesions, positive slit skin smear
A multibacillary leprosy case is one who has a positive slit skin smear and at least 5 skin lesions.
Diagnosis of leprosy is highly dependent on recognition of symptoms. Which of the following is an early sign of leprosy?
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Solution
Answer: (C) Thickened painful nerves
The lesion of leprosy is not macular. It is characterized by a change in skin color (either reddish or whitish) and loss of sensation, sweating and hair growth over the lesion. Inability to close the eyelids (lagophthalmos) and sinking of the nosebridge are late symptoms.
To improve compliance to treatment, what innovation is being implemented in DOTS?
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Solution
Answer: (B) Having the health worker or a responsible family member monitor drug intake
Directly Observed Treatment Short Course is so-called because a treatment partner, preferably a health worker accessible to the client, monitors the client’s compliance to the treatment.
Which clients are considered targets for DOTS category?
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Solution
Answer: (D) Clients diagnosed for the first time through a positive sputum exam
Category I is for new clients diagnosed by sputum examination and clients diagnosed to have a serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, such as TB osteomyelitis.
Which of the following signs indicates the need for sputum examination for AFB?
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Solution
Answer: (C) Cough for 3 weeks
A client is considered a PTB suspect when he has cough for 2 weeks or more, plus one or more of the following signs: fever for 1 month or more; chest pain lasting for 2 weeks or more not attributed to other conditions; progressive, unexplained weight loss; night sweats; and hemoptysis.
Scotch tape swab is done to check for which intestinal parasite?
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Solution
Answer: (B) Pinworm
Pinworm ova are deposited around the anal orifice.
Secondary prevention for malaria includes?
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Solution
Answer: (C) Determining whether a place is endemic or not
This is diagnostic and therefore secondary level prevention. The other choices are for primary prevention.
The following are strategies implemented by the DOH to prevent mosquito-borne diseases. Which of these is most effective in the control of Dengue fever?
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Solution
Answer: (B) Destroying breeding places of mosquitoes
Aedes aegypti, the vector of Dengue fever, breeds in stagnant, clear water. Its feeding time is usually during the daytime. It has a cyclical pattern of occurrence, unlike malaria which is endemic in certain parts of the country.
A mother brought her 10 month old infant for consultation because of fever which started 4 days prior to consultation. To determine malaria risk, what will you do?
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Solution
Answer: (B) Ask where the family resides.
Because malaria is endemic, the first question to determine malaria risk is where the client’s family resides. If the area of residence is not a known endemic area, ask if the child had traveled within the past 6 months, where he/she was brought and whether he/she stayed overnight in that area.
Management of a child with measles includes the administration of which of the following?
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Solution
Answer: (D) Retinol capsule regardless of when the last dose was given
An infant 6 to 12 months classified as a case of measles is given Retinol 100,000 IU; a child is given 200,000 IU regardless of when the last dose was given.