The following are teaching guidelines regarding radiation therapy except:
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Solution
To promote safety, the client is assisted by therapy personnel while the machine is in operation.
To promote safety to the personnel, the client will remain alone in the treatment room while the machine is in operation. The client may voice out any concern throughout the treatment because a technologist is just outside the room observing through a window or closed circuit TV. There is no residual radioactivity after radiation therapy. Safety precautions are necessary only during the time of actual irradiation. The client may resume normal activities of daily living afterwards.
Radiation protection is very important to implement when performing nursing procedures. When the nurse is not performing any nursing procedures what distance should be maintained from the client?
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Solution
3 feet
The distance of at least 3 feet / 0.9 or 1 meter should be maintained when a nurse is not performing any nursing procedures.
Nausea and vomiting is an expected side effect of chemotherapeutic drug use. Which of the following drug should be administered to a client on chemotherapy to prevent nausea and vomiting?
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Solution
Metochlopramide (Metozol)
Metochlopramide (Metozol) – antiemetic. Succimer (Chemet) – chelating agent for lead poisoning. Anastrazole (Arimidex) – hormone regulator. Busulfan (Myleran) – alkylating agent
Skin reactions are common in radiation therapy. Nursing responsibilities on promoting skin integrity should be promoted apart from:
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Solution
Washing the area with a mild soap and water and patting it dry not rubbing it.
No soap should be used on the skin of the client undergoing radiation. Soap and irritants and may cause dryness of the patient’s skin. Only water should be used in washing the area.
Nurse Janet is assigned in the oncology section of the hospital. Which of the following orders should the nurse question if a client is on radiation therapy?
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Solution
Aspirin every 4 hours
Radiation therapy makes the platelet count decrease. Thus, nursing responsibilities should be directed at promoting safety by avoiding episodes of hemorrhage or bleeding such as physical trauma and aspirin administration. Analgesics are given before meals to alleviate the pain caused by stomatitis. Bland diet and saline rinses every 2 hours should also be done to manage stomatitis.
A client had undergone radiation therapy (external). The expected side effects include the following apart from:
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Solution
Constipation
Diarrhea not constipation is the side effect of radiation therapy.
Breast self examination (BSE) is one of the ways to detect breast cancer earlier. The nurse is conducting a health teaching to female clients in a clinic. During evaluation the clients are asked to state what they learned. Which of the following statement made by a client needs further teaching about BSE?
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Solution
“BSE palpation is done by starting at the center going to the periphery in a circular motion.”
This client needs further teaching as palpation in BSE should start at the periphery going to the center in a circular motion.
In staging and grading neoplasm TNM system is used. TNM stands for:
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Solution
Tumor, node, metastasis
TNM stands for tumor, node, and metastasis.
On a clinic visit a client who has a relative with cancer, is asking about the warning signs that may relate to cancer. The nurse correctly identifies the warning signs of cancer by responding:
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Solution
“Sudden weight loss of unexplained etiology can be a warning sign of cancer.”
Unexplained sudden weight loss is a warning signal of cancer. Letter A is wrong because the sore in cancer does not heal. Nagging cough not dry cough and hoarseness of voice is a sign of cancer. Presence of lump is not limited to the breast only; it can grow elsewhere that is why letter C is wrong.
Neoplasm can be classified as either benign or malignant. The following are characteristics of malignant tumor apart from:
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Solution
Encapsulated
Benign: grows slowly, localized, encapsulated, well differentiated cells, no metastasis, not harmful to host. Malignant: Grows rapidly, infiltrates surrounding tissues, not encapsulated, poorly differentiated, metastasis present, always harmful